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Yoruba culture consists of the folk/cultural philosophy, the autochthonous religion and folktales. This commenced in the 19th century when the land became a literate land through the diligence and pragmatism of Dr. Bishop Ajayi Crowther, the first African Anglican Bishop. The Yoruba believe that some children are born to die. The Yoruba people believe that they are descendants of Oduduwa. For example, a family of hunters could name their baby Ogunbunmi (Ogun favors me with this) to show their respect to the divinity who gives them metal tools for hunting. This secures the final consent of the bride's parents, and the wedding day is fixed. Musics varieties include Juju, Fuji etc with artists including King Sunny Ade, Ebenezer Obey, Wasiu Ayinde KWAM 1 etc.[20]. The Yoruba are said to be prolific sculptors, famous for their terra cotta works throughout the 12th and 14th century; artists also earnests their capacity in making artwork out of bronze.. Esiẹ Museum is a museum in Esiẹ, Irepodun, Kwara.The museum was the first to be established in Nigeria when it opened in 1945. Since attaining independence (1960), Nigeria has set a high priority on education. The child that is named will grow to adulthood. The second epoch is the epoch of metaphysical discourse. Iyabode, Yeside, Yewande, and Yetunde, ("mother has come back") are female counterparts, names with the same meaning. This is the meaning of life: to deliver the message of Olodumare, the Supreme Creator by promoting the good of existence. According to the Yoruba Mythology, it is believed that they descended from an area called Odua. The next level is the clan, or extended family, with its own head known as a Baálé. Before she is finally ushered into her house, if she is an adherent of the Yoruba faith, she is given a calabash (igba) and is then asked to break it. Marriage is not considered to be only a union of the husband and wife, it is also seen among the Yoruba as the union of the families on both sides. Adire is one of the popular textiles in Yoruba land. Yes, Yoruba agitation for autonomy is … The Yoruba are one of the few African people who have strong, united political and social systems. For females, Aduke (one who everyone likes to take care of), Ayoke (one who people are happy to care for), Arike (one who is cared for on sight), Atinuke or Abike (one that is born to be pampered),"Anike" which come from a longer name meaning we have a crown and it is as delicate as an egg. Generally speaking, Yoruba people are idealists by nature. At a birth ceremony, no one younger than the baby’s mother is permitted. He interprets Olorun’s wishes to mankind. 2. The Yoruba culture provides for the upbringing of the child by the extended family. This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 22:12. 1 post & 78 views. In addition, allegiance to these systems is paid uniformly to a large urban area, as opposed to a centralised authority. Pulse Nigeria Workplace suitability used to be a determining factor for parents when choosing Yoruba … Historically, their culture centered on densely populated city-states each controlled by an oba, or king. Prior to the wedding day, the payment of bride price is arranged. In a sharp contrast, they are a collection of diverse people who are bound together by a common language, culture, and history. 23 posts & 937 views. Secondary school (high school) education also became common. (if we die young, and a horse is killed in celebration of one's life; it is better than dying old without people killing even a chicken in celebration.). Jollof rice, fried rice and Ofada rice very common in Nigeria (especially in the southwest region, which includes Lagos). Babajuma, Malomo. The Yoruba people of Western Nigeria are a nationality of approximately 35 million people occupying the south-western parts of Nigeria. Immortality is the dream of many, as "Eji-ogbe" puts it: Mo dogbogbo orose; Ng ko ku mo; Mo digba oke; Mo duro Gbonin. The parents have the responsibility for his/her socialization into the norms of the larger society, in addition to giving him a means of livelihood. The Yoruba call on this god by prayers or by pouring water on the ground using kola nuts. It is also believed that ancestors have enormous power to watch over their descendants. Groups, under the platform of Assembly of all Yoruba Groups Worldwide, have set aside June 12 as the day of referendum for the Yoruba on the self-determination agenda. He is the cultivator of ambitions and desires, and the interpreter of ori (head) and its destiny. Awosika, V. O. [8] Such names reflect the frustration of the poor parents: The Yoruba also have pet names or oriki. [5], After the ritual, the child is named and members of the extended family have the honour of also giving a name to the child. The wedding day is a day of celebration, eating, drinking and dancing for parents, relations, the new husband and wife and their friends and, often, even foes. Lagos State: People, Logo, Postal Code & Map, Rivers State: Population, Postal Code & Map, Top 5 African Cities With The Worst Traffic Congestion, Azman Air: Online Flight Booking, Services, Customer Care Contact, Nigerian Civil War With Biafra: The Untold Story. 3. Hence some of them are referred to as artist-philosophers. The influence of Islam in Yoruba culture was responsible for the eighth-day naming ceremony. Weaving is done on different types of looms in order to create hundreds of different patterns. Such soups as Okra soup (locally known as ila alasepo) and egusi (melon soup) have become very popular in Western Nigeria in recent times and, in addition to Amala (yam flour), a traditional Yoruba fufu made of yam flour, these can be eaten with numerous Nigerian fufu meals, including pounded yam (locally referred to as iyan); lafun, a Nigeria fufu made from cassava; semolina; and garri (eba). Like all of the Yoruba gods (orishas), Irrespective of modernization, the Yoruba people still hold their culture and traditions so dearly. Without their various contributions, Yoruba land could have been lost in a hay of confusion. The young man identifies a young woman that he loves. So, like all names, choosing a Yoruba name should be given significant consideration. This suggests a somewhat cynical attitude in the parent(s). Then once they both express mutual love, they let their parents know about their feelings for each other. Thus the first to be born of the two is called Taiwo or "Taiye", shortened forms of Taiyewo, meaning the taster of the world. Although religion is often first in Yoruba culture, nonetheless, it is the thought of man that actually leads spiritual consciousness (ori) to the creation and the practice of religion. While this is the only marital ceremony that is practiced by the more traditional members of the tribe, Christian and Muslim members generally blend it with a church wedding and registry wedding (in the case of Christians) or a nikkah and registry wedding (in the case of Muslims). Second, the Yoruba are realistic and pragmatic about their attitude to death. Therefore, people make an effort to remember their ancestors on a regular basis. His or her wedding is also the responsibility of the parents. The Yoruba people of Western Nigeria are a nationality of approximately 35 million people occupying the south-western parts of Nigeria. This is ancestor veneration, which some have wrongly labelled ancestor worship. The 4 largest of these groups are the Hausa, the Fulani, the Igbo and the Yoruba. Akeredolu says the Yoruba people would not allow “impostors” to lead any agitation on their behalf. Hence it is insisted that one has a good capacity for moral uprightness and personhood. In Nigeria, the northern part of the country calls it Jigida while the Yorubas (the people of Southwestern Nigeria) call it Bebedi. This is to prevent any mishap. Well, here is a look at the top things you need to know about them. It is believed that the love that exists between a parent and a child here on earth should continue even after death. [6], Some Yoruba believe that a baby may come with pre-destined names. Violence and Politics in Nigeria: The Tiv and Yoruba Experience, 1982. But the culture and the royal family is still deeply venerated here, with the … He and his friends seek her out through various means. Their tradition holds that there is only one supreme being or god called Olorun. But before the bride goes to her husbands house, she is escorted by different people i.e. Divinity-philosopher Orunmila epitomizes wisdom and idealism. And since the parent has only ascended to another plane of existence, it should be possible for the link to remain strong. Esiẹ Museum is a museum in Esiẹ, Irepodun, Kwara. The group disclosed that its action was … For instance, the art of passage of rite is still rife among the Yoruba and is still a common practice even to date. Despite the fact that the Yoruba cannot detail all their long pedigrees, such as divinity-philosopher Oduduwa, divinity-philosopher Obatala, divinity-philosopher Orunmila, divinity-philosopher Sango, divinity-philosopher Ogun, divinity-philosopher Osun (one of the three wives of Sango), divinity-philosopher Olokun, divinity-philosopher Oya(one of the three wives of Sango), divinity-philosopher Esu, divinity-philosopher Ososi, divinity-philosopher Yemoja, divinity-philosopher Sopona, etc., nonetheless it is a fact of truth that they had all impacted the Yoruba people and contributed to the wellness and well-being of the Yoruba society. Participation in this afterlife is conditional on the nature of one's life and the nature of one's death. If he/she stays there, it follows that it is not bad, and that would send a signal to the other one to start coming. The vast majority of this population is from Nigeria, where the Yoruba make up 13.9% of the country's population, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa. In order to honour their several deities, gods, and ancestors, the Yoruba’s make magnificent sculptures. All Art Film Music ... Giwa noted that part of the reasons nothing works in Nigeria was because the country was established in a crafty manner. See Also: Yoruba Movies and How To Watch Them Free Online. Colors, Meaning, Facts, Yoruba Movies and How To Watch Them Free Online, Inside Odunlade Adekola’s Family Life With Wife Ruth and The Children They Share, Exploring Ali Nuhu’s Net Worth and His Rise to the King of Kannywood, Where Is Ruth Kadiri From? The Yoruba culture demands relentlessly that such a leader must be an omolúwàbí, and the goodness generated by the beauty of that character must form the basis of governance. 5. They constitute about 21% of Nigeria’s total population, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria. Beautiful sculptures of wood, brass, and terracotta are common things among the Yoruba. However, there are three other major official languages used across the country, namely: Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo.The Yoruba people of Nigeria account for about 21 percent of the population – making them a major tribe and one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. Olorun is the creator and the high god. They form one of the three major tribes in Nigeria and they are found mostly in the Southern part of the country. Once their consent is secured, the wedding day may be set. Universal primary education has become the norm in southern Nigeria, where the Yoruba live. First, children and grand children would celebrate the life of their parent who passed and left a good name for them. Yoruba nation has entered a moment of crossfire. The wedding ceremony is the climax of a process that starts with courtship. Divinity-philosopher Orunmila, the cultivator of Ifa-Ife Divination, is the father of ancient Yoruba Idealism. For instance, twins (ibeji) are believed to have natural-birth names. Idealism in Yoruba-land and for the Yoruba people is equated with the ideal purpose of life, the search for the meaning of life and the yearning for the best in life. But he is more of a psychologist than a philosopher. The young man sends messages of interest to the young woman until such a time that they are close enough to avoid a go-between (alarina). Christianity, Islam etc. In addition, there are three gods available to all. Kashimawo (let's wait and see). Distinctive cultural norms prevail in Yorubaland and among the Yoruba people. When it breaks, the number of pieces it is broken into is believed to be the number of children she will give birth to. Yoruba women are generally beautiful and hardworking. They started creating sculptures as early as the 12th century and continue to do so even now. [1], Since it is generally believed that names are like spirits which would like to live out their meanings, parents do a thorough search before giving names to their babies. Contrary to what many people believe, the Yoruba are, in fact, not a single ethnic group. Yoruba written literature begins with the formation of its grammar published in 1843. They are given in accordance with significant events at time of birth or with reference to the family tradition as has been mentioned above. Or he may take to the profession of the father, in the case of a boy, or the mother, in the case of a girl. There she is prayed for and her legs are washed. This testifies to the belief in reincarnation. ... Nigeria. Ajike, Yoruba law is the legal system of Yorubaland. In addition to that, they are also good porters, weavers, and metalsmiths. What Is Shatta Bandle’s Real Net Worth and The Sources of His Wealth? Another notable culture among the Yorubas is the burial as a rite of passage. Later, several rituals are performed to ensure that the deceased is reborn. Other natural names include Abiodun (one born on a festival day or period),"Abiona"(one born on a journey) Abidemi or Bidemi (one born without the presence of its father) i.e the child's father didn't witness his baby's naming ceremony but not dead, maybe he just traveled, Enitan (one of a story) this child might have had any of its parent dead before its birth, Bosede (one born on a holy day); Babatunde/Babatunji (meaning father has come back) is the son born to a family where a father has recently passed. Some Yoruba groups practice ifalomo(6th) holding the naming rites on the sixth day. It is quite intricate, each group and subgroup having a system that varies, but in general, government begins within the immediate family. (I have become an aged ose tree; I will no longer die; I have become two hundred hills rolled into one; I am immovable.) Yes, cynics, skeptics, doubters, and cowards will begin to emerge with their fear. These are names that are not natural with the child at birth but are given on either the seventh day of birth (for females) and ninth day of birth (for males). 2:27pm On Apr 07 ; Trade Nigeria Organisation by WorldAutomobile. Some less well known meals and many miscellaneous staples are arrowroot gruel, sweetmeats, fritters and coconut concoctions; and some breads such as yeast bread, rock buns, and palm wine bread. [3] In modern times, the Esie museum has been the center of religious activities and hosts a festival in the month of April every year. However, their political and social system varies significantly, depending largely on regions. The culture and people were very interesting: Asa ati awon eyan yi daa gan ni: Whilst many profess the Yoruba school of thought; many more profess other faiths e.g. These are praise names, and they are used to suggest what the child's family background is or to express one's hope for the child: Akanbi- (one who is deliberately born); Ayinde (one who is praised on arrival); Akande (one who comes or arrives in full determination); Atanda (one who is deliberately created after thorough search). Shango, major deity of the religion of the Yoruba of southwestern Nigeria. [1], The Yoruba are said to be prolific sculptors, famous for their terra cotta works throughout the 12th and 14th century; artists also earnests their capacity in making artwork out of bronze.[2]. Today the city is the centre of Nigeria's rubber trade, and a sprawling metropolis. Even though a good number of Yoruba people practice Christianity, up to 20% of the Yoruba population still practice traditional forms of religion. As people say: Keni huwa gbedegbede; keni lee ku pelepele; K'omo eni lee n'owo gbogboro L'eni sin. Eshu is the divine god who delivers special sacrifices to the high god, Olorun. The museum once housed over a thousand tombstone figures or images representing human beings. There is also a council of elders which assists the Oba with decision-making. x … BuzzNigeria – Famous People, Celebrity Bios, Updates and Trendy News, Hausa People, Language, Tribe, Music, Culture, Women, Quick Facts, Nigerian Flag - History, Who Designed it? Their philosophy of naming is conveyed in a common adage, ile ni a n wo, ki a to so omo l'oruko ("one pays attention to the family before naming a child"): one must consider the tradition and history of a child's relatives when choosing a name. If he doesn't, she and her parents are disgraced and may be banished from the village where they live. What is The Meaning of IPOB, Who is The Leader and What Are They Fighting For? (Let one conduct one's life gently; that one may die a good death; that one's children may stretch their hands over one's body in burial. His (divine) idealism has inspired the entire Yoruba people in Africa and in Diaspora, especially those who were stolen (to the Americas and the West Indies) during the inhuman slave trade. Each town has a leader called Oba, who achieves this position by being selected by an Oba who is in power, by inheritance or by participating title associations. But what are some of the notable facts about the Yoruba People? Some dishes are prepared specially for festivities and ceremonies. Yoruba cultural thought is a witness of two epochs. While generally found under the umbrella as Yorubas, different areas have their separate dialects that are all closely related. YORUBA leaders have condemned a purported plan to arrest Yoruba activist, Mr Sunday Adeyemo, popularly known as Sunday Igboho, through an invitation letter dispatched to … Both male and female babies are circumcised within the first month. Such customs are often derived from their profession or religion. As such, Yoruba people put considerable effort into naming a baby. Yoruba … In 1893, the Yoruba Kingdom became part of the British Protectorate. The standard language incorporates several features from other dialects.[19]. Just as their men, the Yoruba women are expected to be respectful of their elders, and when the time for marriage comes, the women just as the men are expected to marry. Naming ceremonies are performed with the same meticulous care, generally by the oldest family member. When a new baby is born, it is sprinkled with water until he or she cries failure to which no word is spoken until he or she does so. Thus thought/philosophy is antecedent to religion. There is a belief in an afterlife that is a continuation of this life, only in a different setting, and the abode of the dead is usually placed at a place just outside this abode, and is sometimes thought of as separated by a stream. Even as there is the acceptance of Christianity and Islam, the Yoruba people still hold their traditional religion very close. 6. The grave is dug inside the deceased’s house. The important thing is a good life and a good name. [21], Yoruba people traditionally speak the Yorùbá language, a member of the Niger–Congo language family. In Yoruba belief, death is not the end of life; rather, it is a transition from one form of existence to another. The non-literate world, compelled by the need to survive, impelled by the need to unravel the mysteries of the days and nights made divinity-philosopher Orunmila to cultivate the idea of Divination. He is regarded as the cultivator of modern Yoruba idealism. The museum was the first to be established in Nigeria when it opened in 1945. This falls into several categories. Isha, on the other hand, is the god of divination. For instance, they claim that they have more than 400 deities. 1. The ogberis (ignorant folks) fear death because it marks the end of an existence that is known and the beginning of one that is unknown. Other popular dishes include Asaro, Efokore, Ekuru and Aro, stews, corn, cassava, and flours (such as maize, yam and plantain flours), eggs, chicken, and assorted meat and fish). ), The achievement of a good death is an occasion for celebration of the life of the deceased. However, this practice varies from one community to another. 87 posts & 874 views. meaning 'The cry of the new bride', this is to show that she is sad leaving her parents' home and signify her presence in the new home. This is also an epoch-making history in the oral culture during which time divinity-philosopher Orunmila was the head and a pre-eminent diviner. The art of sculpture is not a new concept among the Yoruba people. The waist bead is also identified as Giri-Giri, Yomba, Jel … Anifowose, Remi. A New Political Philosophy for Nigeria and Other African Countries, 1967. Ajayi, Omofolambo S. Yoruba Dance: The Semiotics of Movement and Body Attitude in a Nigerian Culture, 1998. Oshun, also spelled Osun, an orisha (deity) of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria.Oshun is commonly called the river orisha, or goddess, in the Yoruba religion and is typically associated with water, purity, fertility, love, and sensuality.She is considered one of the most powerful of all orishas, and, like other gods, she possesses human attributes such as vanity, jealousy, and spite. It is reputed to have the largest collection of soapstone images in the world. Divinity-philosopher Orunmila's idealism ushered in modern idealism that inspired pragmatic Dr. Ajayi Crowther in the 19th century, and late Chief Obafemi Awolowo in the 20th century who succeeded in creating a moral atmosphere for the Yoruba land to thrive, impacting a moral majority to which idealism belongs and from which realism emerges. The Yoruba also pray for many blessings, but the most important three are wealth, children and immortality: ire owo; ire omo; ire aiku pari iwa. In many cases, the relative will subsequently call the child by the name they give to him or her, so a new baby may thereafter have more than a dozen names. When this occurs, the family devises various methods to forestall a recurrence, including giving special names at a new birth. They constitute what could be described as the largest concentration of Africans who live and work in the Diaspora and their descendants are spread all over the world. The Yoruba are said to be religious people, but they are also pragmatic and tolerant about their religious differences. While their primary concentration is in Nigeria, they are also found in other West African countries and throughout the entire world as well. His leadership philosophy helped him with big ideas. On the wedding night she and her husband have their first meeting and he is ordinarily expected to find her to be a virgin. This refers to the hoe that is used to dig the grave. Thus more and more researches are being carried out on Yoruba cultural thought, as more and more books are being written on it—embossing its mark and advancing its research amongst non-African thinkers such as the political philosophers and political scientists who are beginning to open their doors to other cultures, widening their views. Based on the definition of the Yoruba Idealism, which is the search for the meaning of life and the yearning for the best in life, Yoruba Idealism is a kind of Enlightenment Movement in its own right, as every scion in the land endeavors to reach the height or the acme of his idealistic ambition. As it were in the ancient times, Yoruba people always attach philosophical and religious connotations to whatever they produced or created. © BuzzNigeria.com 2021. The gift of a name comes with gifts of money and clothing. In their communities, the Yoruba ceremony described above is commonly seen as more of an engagement party than a proper wedding rite. In Igbo, it is called mgbájị́. Uncounted numbers of Yorubas were carried to the Caribbean and America during slave trade period. Baba Ifa Karade, The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts, Yorùbá People And Culture: Yorùbá Language, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yoruba_culture&oldid=1000614257, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup and no ISO hint, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup from April 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Kosoko (there is no hoe anymore). Among the most popular Yoruba women right now are media mogul Mo Abudu who has been recognized by the Forbes magazine as the most successful African woman, and one of the richest woman in the world, Folorunsho Alakija. Twin-births when they are male and female are usually named on the eighth day but on the seventh or ninth day if they are same-sex twins. Apart from referring to the aggregate of dialects and their speakers, the term Yoruba is used for the standard, written form of the language.[22]. He also figures in the religion of the Edo people of southeastern Nigeria, who refer to him as Esango, and in the religion of the Fon people of Benin, who call him Sogbo or Ebioso. Culture. They are good sculptors and craftsmen. The Arewa Youth Assembly, AYA, has given Yoruba residents in the North 72 hours to leave the region. They know that one may die at a young age. Music and dance have always been an important part of their culture; used in the many different forms of entertainment.Musical instruments includes Bata, saworo, sekere, gangan etc. All rights reserved. 3:33pm On Apr 07 (Hellraiser77) American From 4chan With Some Questions by Ulmius. In traditional society, the child is placed with a master of whatever craft the gods specify for him or her(although, this rarely happens nowadays). He built the first Radio and TV Houses in Africa. Yoruba cuisine is quite vast and often includes plantains which can be boiled, fried and roasted.[4]. Adult men who are not closely related to the deceased, but who belong to the deceased’s clan are allowed to attend the burial. Virtually nothing of the historic city survives: it was destroyed by the British in an epic act of vandalism in 1897. This is an accretion to the fact that one can find a sculptor, a weaver, a carver or a potter in every household in Yoruba land. This page contains a course in Yoruba phrases and daily expressions as well as a list of other lessons in grammar topics and common words in Yoruba. Some common foods native to the Yoruba include moin-moin (steamed bean pudding) and akara (bean cake). The waist bead bears different names in different tribes. Personhood is an achieved state judged by the standard of goodness to self, to the community and to the ancestors. 4. The first university in Nigeria was located in a Yoruba city. As the saying goes: Ki a ku l'omode, ki a fi esin se irele eni; o san ju ki a dagba ki a ma ni adie irana. When a child is conceived with no prior menstruation, he or she is named Ilori. The Yoruba people (Yoruba: Ìran Yorùbá) are an ethnic group that inhabits western Africa, mainly the countries of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo.The Yoruba constitute around 30 million people Africawide. Yoruba The Yoruba are one of Nigeria’s most urban ethnic groups. For instance, honey represents sweetness, and the prayer of the parents is that their baby's life will be as sweet as honey. Title associations play an important role when it comes to balancing and assigning power to different cities. For it is the wish of the Deity that human beings should promote the good as much as is possible. Hence the second to arrive is named Kehinde (late arrival; it is now common for many Kehindes to be called by the familiar diminutive "Kenny".Irrespective of the sex the child born to the same woman after the twins is called Idowu, and the one after this is called Alaba, then the next child is called Idogbe. A Detailed Look Into Her Biography, Zubby Michael Has No Wife or Son And Here Is The Story Behind It. The culture of Nigeria is therefore every bit as diverse as you would expect from a country which is a melting pot of people from so many different backgrounds. Today, the academic and the nonacademic communities are becoming more and more interested in Yoruba culture, its Book of Enlightenment. Other components of the Book of Knowledge or the Book of Enlightenment are psychology, sociology, mathematics, cosmogony, cosmology, and other areas of human interests. This is to identify the first twin as the one sent by the other one to first go and taste the world. This chief will be subject to town chiefs, and these chiefs are usually themselves subject to their Oba, who may or may not be subject to another Oba himself.[18]. English is the common language used in Nigeria. The Yoruba people believe that people live out the meanings of their names. This complexity has led westerners to compare their religion to that of ancient Greek. The man's parents arrange to pay a visit to the prospective bride's parents. Dada is the child born with locked hair; and Ajayi (nicknamed Ogidi Olu) is the one born face-downwards.[7]. Chuka is the managing editor at BuzzNigeria.com, feel free to follow him on Twitter @chukaudeze. Reference to hills is found in the saying "Gboningbonin ni t'oke, oke Gboningbonin". Most of what survived of this legal code has been assimilated into the customary laws of the sovereign nations that the Yoruba inhabit. While their primary concentration is in Nigeria, they are also found in other West African countries and throughout the entire world as well. The first epoch is an epoch-making history in mythology and cosmology. Once the day has been fixed through either consultation of the Orishas by a babalawo (in the case of followers of the Yoruba religion) or the decision of a man of God (in the case of the Christians or Muslims), the bride and bridegroom are warned to avoid travelling out of town, including to the farm. It is believed that she is washing every bad-luck that she might have brought into her husband's house away.

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